PROCTOLOGIC

Proctologic or coloproctology is a subspecialty of general surgery and the digestive system that deals with the diagnosis and treatment, whether surgical or not, of all diseases that affect the anus, rectum and colon: hemorrhoids, anal fissure and fistula, abscesses rectals, constipation, ulcerative colitis, condylomas, fecal incontinence, rectal prolapse, colon diverticula, inflammatory bowel disease, colon and rectal polyps, colorectal cancer, etc. Likewise, proctologists are in charge of performing colonospopias, rectoscopies, defecography, anal manometry, ostomies, etc.

In the coloproctological examination, the anoscope is used to review the anus and the terminal portion of the rectum, a rectosigmoidoscopy can be performed in which the anus, rectum and sigmoids are observed, the colonoscopy examines the entire colon and the last portion of the small intestine.

Diseases treated by a coloproctologist

Hemorrhoids, one of the diseases treated by coloproctology.

There are a large number of diseases and symptoms for which it is advisable to go to a Colon and Rectal Surgery Specialist:

• Fecal incontinence and constipation.
• Hemorrhoids or hemorrhoidal disease.
• Anal fissure.
• Abscesses, Fistulas and Anorectal Infections.
• Perianal Dermatoses.
• Rectal Prolapse and Ulcer.
• Tumors of the Rectum and Anus
• Rectoanal Radiotherapy Injuries
• Diseases of the cecal appendix
• Colorectal endometriosis
• Colon diverticula
• Surgical complications of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, indeterminate colitis)
• Colon angiodysplasias
• Colon and rectal polyps
• Colon, Rectum and Anus Cancer
• Volvulus
• In addition, there are other apparently unrelated conditions in which it is also convenient to go to this specialist. Among the diseases of the colon, diverticular disease and colorectal cancer stand out.

Sigmoidoscopy

Visual examination of the rectum and lower part of the colon, called the sigmoid colon, with an instrument called a flexible sigmoidoscope. This instrument projects light and allows the doctor to see the inside of the intestine through a small video camera. Sigmoidoscopy can also be used to obtain tissue samples for analysis.